https://www.sawj.ir/ Journal of Safety and Airworthiness en daily 1 Mon, 16 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0330 Mon, 16 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0330 https://www.sawj.ir/article_205567.html Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) materials are widely used across industries like aerospace and automotive due to their excellent strength-to-weight ratio and resistance to corrosion. Maintaining the quality of these materials is essential for operational safety, and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods are effective tools for inspecting these composites. Among NDT methods, ultrasonic testing technology has been gaining prominence as a reliable technique for detecting flaws in composite materials. Traditional ultrasonic testing with single-element transducers, however, faces challenges such as high signal attenuation and a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). On the other hand, Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) offers the advantage of generating signals at specific distances and angles, making it particularly effective for composites with anisotropic properties. This article explores the detection of defects in composites using both bulk and guided waves. Findings suggest defects like cracks and delamination in GFRP test specimens can recognized using conventional ultrasonic and phased array methods. By optimizing the sensitivity of the phased array technique, even small defects—down to 0.8 mm at a depth of 25 mm and delamination at 22.5 mm- can be detected in GFRP blocks. The consistent alignment of fiber angles and uniformity of the material matrix enhance detection quality and sensitivity, leading to better identification of defect signals. Moreover, signals from phased array ultrasonics show superior characteristics to conventional ultrasonic techniques. Additionally, guided waves produced by the phased array method have demonstrated impressive capabilities in identifying defects in composite materials. https://www.sawj.ir/article_205568.html Considering the significance of proper engine operation in maintaining optimal aircraft performance during flight missions, monitoring the engine's and its systems' health is crucial. The engine oil system is a vital component of the aircraft engine, responsible for providing a continuous flow of oil for lubrication and cooling purposes. This article presents a novel application model that utilizes Flight Data Recorder (FDR) information from the Airbus A300-600 aircraft, comprising 3 months and 23 real flight routes, to monitor the condition of the aircraft engine lubrication system using real-time data during flight. The primary objective of this research is to monitor the oil system of jet engines in passenger aircraft, assuming all sensors are functioning properly. In a normal flight where the oil system does not experience leakage, the effect of oil temperature and engine speed on the oil level is formulated to eliminate the impact of false changes in the oil level during flight (Gulping) and obtain the actual consumption. Once the actual oil consumption is formulated, the actual oil consumption in flight conditions can be calculated, and the oil level can be compared to the oil sensor level to detect possible system leaks. A newly derived formula for actual oil consumption was validated by comparison with the results of FDR data from the Airbus A300-600 aircraft. https://www.sawj.ir/article_209775.html Noise levels within the cabin and cargo environment of C-130 aircraft pose a significant operational challenge for flight crews. This issue stems from a combination of factors, including the aircraft's age, wear and tear on components, and a shortage of replacement parts for timely maintenance and overhauls. Prolonged exposure to noise generated by the aircraft can have detrimental effects on human health. These effects including Stress and anxiety, hearing damage, changes in heart rate, altered breathing patterns, digestive disruptions and gastric secretions, Pupil dilation, blood vessel constriction and Atrial fibrillation. These health consequences pose a challenge to the mental well-being and proper functioning of flight and operational personnel. This study employed relevant instruments to measure noise levels within C-130 transport aircraft during 20 scenarios, encompassing FCF, support, tactical, and training missions. Noise assessments across various operational flights revealed that all recorded noise levels remained below the 85 dBA standard limit. However, even these permissible levels, when experienced over an extended period, can lead to the aforementioned health issues, potentially impairing flight crew decision-making and operational precision, and contributing to aviation incidents and accidents. Noise levels within C-130 aircraft pose a significant operational challenge, warranting further investigation and mitigation strategies to protect the health and well-being of flight crews and enhance overall flight safety.